Change-gearing for lathes.



PATENTED MAY 19, 1908.7

ALE. NEWTON.

CHANGE GEARING FUR LATHES.

. grrnronlon FILED MAR. 28, i902.

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No. 723,279. PATENTED MAY 19, 1903.

I A. E. NEWTON. CHANGE GEARING FOR LA-THES.

' APPLICATION II LBD MAR. 28, 1902.

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\ A LL I Q v No. 728,279; v

CHANGE GEARING FOR LATHES."

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28, 1902.

- A. E. NEWTON.

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No,- 723,279." I PATBNTEDMAYIQ, 1903. 1A.'E.NEWT0N.

CHANGE GEARING FOR Lungs.-

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 28, 1902.

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UNITED STA .ES- PATENT I Patented May 19, 1905i.

OFFICE.

ALBERT EQNEWTON, WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO PRENTIOE BROTHERSCOMPANY, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

CHANG E- G EAR-1N6 "FOR LATH ES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 728,279, dated May 19, 1903. Application filed March 28, 1 992. gScrial Ho. (l\lo model.)

T0 at whom, it may con/067mb I Be it known that I, ALBERT E. NEWTON, a

citizen of theUnited States,residingatWorcesconstructions which are designed to avoid customary to provide for the requiredspeed the use of the large number of replaceable gears usually required for cutting threadsthat is to say, this invention relates to that class of lathesin which a change-gear mechanism forms a permanent part of the construction. i The especial object of this invention is to provide a strong, si mple,.and compact changegearing for lathes which has a wide range of adjustment and which can be more readily shifted or changed than constructions which have heretofore been employed. To these ends this invention consists of the change-gearing for lathes and of the combinations of parts therein, as'hereinafter'de scribed, and more particularly pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

In the accompanying five sheets of. drawings, Figure lis a front view of a lathe provided with change-gearing constructed according to my invention. Fig-2is an end. view of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlarged front view of my attachment. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the same. Fig. 5is'a sectional plan view thereof. Fig. 6 is a plan view, partially broken away, showing the intermediate gear shifted into mesh with one of the nests of gears at one side; and Fig. 7 is a similar View showing the intermediate gear meshing with oneof the nests of'gearsat its opposite. side.

In the use of ordinary screw-cutting lathes it has heretofore been customary to employ a comparatively large number of replaceable gears for cutting diiferent threads. This fwrong gears. To overcome these objections,

ithas been proposedlo use a cl1ange gearing struction which is always complete in itself and which can be more accurately and quickly I changed to cut diiferent threads than by the useof the usual replaceable gears. In this class of change-gearingit has heretofore been arranged in step-like relation to each other.

To adjust an'int'ermediate gear into mesh with a series of step-like gears thus arranged requires a comparatively long adjustment, so

that lathes of this construction have necessarily' been comparatively bulky and the range "of adjustment comparatively small.

To overcome these objections, I have provided a novelform. of change-gearing in which I employ one :or more nests of ring-gears ar- 1 orally to push back out of the way the ringgears which inclose the particular ring-gear .with which" connection is desired. By means of. this constructionl have been enabled to provide amuch more compact change-gearing having a much larger range of adjustment than the constructions which have heretofore been employed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a detail description of a lathe embodying my invention, as shown in Fig. 1, the lathe comprises a lathe-bed A, which is mounted on legs B. Secured on the bed A is the head stock 0 and tailstock D, and longitudinally movable upon the bed A is the carriage E,- g A which may be fed or moved in the usual mannor either by the lead-screw F or the feed-rod G. These parts may be of-any of the ordinary constructions and need not be herein shown or described at length. Secured on the rear end of the live-spindle is a pinion 10.

desired ring-gear.

As shown most clearly in Fig. 2, the pinion 10 may drive either one of the gears 11 and 12, which are journaled on a reversing-yoke 13, which may be locked in its adjusted position by a lockingpin controlled from the spring-blade 14. The small gears 11 and 12 are arranged in mesh with each other, and the small gear 11 meshes with a gear 15. By means of this construction a reversing mechanism is provided for driving the gearing in opposite directions, depending on whether the small gear 11 or the small gear 12 is set into mesh with the pinion 10.

As shown in Fig. 3, a larger gear 16 turns with the gear 15, and meshing with the gear 16 is an intermediate gear 17, which is adjustably mounted in a sweep 48, which sweep 48 is pivoted on a shaft 19, which shaft 19 is carried by brackets 49, secured to the front of the bed. Secured on the shaft 19 is a gear 18, which meshes with and is driven from the intermediate 17.

In Fig. 2 the dot-and-dash lines show the outside diameters of the gears 16, 17, and 18, respectively.

The shaft 19 I have hereinafter referred to as a shaft which is driven by connections from the live-spindle.

The sweep 48 and its adjustable gear 17 permit the use of different-sized gears in place of the gear 18 on the end of the shaft 19, so that wider variations may be made, if required, than can be secured by my changegearing hereinafter described. Journaled in bearings secured to the bed above the shaft 19, as shown in Fig. 4, is a shaft 20, and mounted on the shaft 20,as shown most clearly in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, are two nests of ringgears arranged inside of each other. Each of these nests of ring-gears comprises a gear 21, which is fastened upon or formed with the shaft 20, and a number of tubular sections or rings 22, which are keyed together, so that they may have a longitudinal or sliding motion upon each other.

As shown most clearly in Fig. 5, the keyways or slots in the ring-gears 22 extend only part way through the ring-gears. The keys are intended to be rigid in the outer gears and to have sliding fits in the grooves in the outside faces of the ring-gears. By means of this construction the outside ring-gears can be moved back out of the way to expose any The inward motion of the ring-gears is limited, and when any one of the ring-gears 22 is moved back to its normal position it will carry with it all of the ringgears which fitinside thereof. Keyed on the shaft 19, as shown in Fig. 4, is a pinion 23, and straddling the pinion 23, so as to shift the same longitudinally on its shaft, are the hubs of a sweep 24. The sweep 24 is provided at its outer end with an operating-handle 25, having locking attachments, as hereinafter described, for holding the parts in their adj usted position. The side plates of the sweep 24 form a pocket, journaled in which is an intermediate gear 26, which may be swung up into diiferent positions between the nests of ring-gears to bring the same into position, so that when shifted laterally it will push back out of the way the ring-gears outside the gear with which connection is desired.

In order to prevent the ring-gearinto which it is desired to mesh the intermediate 26 from being carried back as the outside gears are pushed back out of the way, I have provided end fingers which are connected to be rocked or turned by the sweep 24. The connections for operating these fingers are most clearly illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. As shown by dotted lines in Fig. 5, a collar 27 is secured to the hub of the sweep 24, and, as shown in Fig. 4, a sector 28 projects up from the collar 27 to engage a sector 29, extending down from a ring 30, secured on the rock-shaft 31. As shown most clearly in Fig. 5, the rockshaft 31 is provided with collars 32, projecting from which are the stop-arms 33, one of the stop-arms 33 being arranged to swing behind the rear faces of one nest of gears and the other arm 33 being arranged to swing behind the other nest. By means of this construction when the sweep 24 is shifted in one direction, as shown in Fig. 6, one of the arms 33 will act to hold the desired gear out in position to be engaged by the intermediate gear 26, while when the sweep 24 is shifted in the opposite direction, as shown in Fig. 7, the other arm 33 will serve to hold the desired gear in position to be engaged.

To rest-ore the gears to normal position when the sweep 24 is moved back to central position, the sweep 24 is provided with oppo sitely-extending pins 35. Mounted on each of the pins 35 is aspring-pressed bushing 36, having fingers 37, engaging the rear faces of one of the nests of gears. The springpressed bushings 36 are each guided in aslot in one of the plates 38, which extend in from the cover-plate 56.

To guide the intermediate gear so that it will move properly into mesh with the desired gear, I have provided the cover-plate with an arrangement of locking-notches and have provided the handle 25 with looking pins cooperating therewith.

In bringing the intermediate gear 26 into mesh with a ring-gear it is desirable that the full working face of the intermediate gear should be carried directly into mesh, so that the working strain transmitted to the intermediate gear 26 will be taken across the full width of its teeth, so that the teeth are less liable to be broken or chipped oif at their ends than would be the case if an endwise movement of the intermediate gear 26 was utilized to move the same into mesh. To accomplish this object, the locking-notches are so aranged that the sweep is first swung to bring the intermediate gear to proper position to force back the ring-gears outside of the gear with which connection is desired, and the locking-notches are so arranged that the teeth of the intermediategearwill not be in mesh during the lateral movement of the sweep, and the sweep can. only be lifted up to bring said teeth into mesh atthe times when the full width of the driving-face of the intermediate will be utilized. To accomplish this object, I-have provided two guide-plates 50, secured on the face of the cover-plate 56, as shown in Fig. 1, which guide-plates 50 are driven shaft is provided at its inner end with an adjustable gear 44., which can be shifted laterally in the ordinary manner to mesh either into a gear 45 on thefeed-rod G or which can be left in'mesh with a gear secured on thejlead-screw F. By means of this construction it will be seen that I have provided an exceedingly compact changegearing which secures its ajustment by a comparatively short range of movement of the sweep-handle 25, the motion of said sweephandle 25 being substantially-vertical and requiring only sufficient lateral movement to bring its locking-pins into the proper notch andlocking-hole. V r

I am aware that numerous changes may be made in practicing-my invention by those who are skilled in the art without departing from the scope thereofas expressed in the claims. I'do not wish, therefore, to be limited to the construction I have herein show and described; but a I What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States, is-' 1. Ina ehangeegearing for lathes, the combination of a driving-shaft, a shaftto be driven, and adjustable gearing for connecting shifted laterally in either direction, said latsaid shafts comprisinga nest of ring-gears keyed together onone of the shafts, and fitting into each other,apinionron the other shaft, and an-intermediate gear meshing with the pinion and arranged to be swung into the desired position and to then be moved laterally, said lateral movement carrying the ringgears outside of the gear with which connection is desired back out of the way.

2. In a change-gearing for lathes, t'he combination of a driving-shaft, a shaft to be;

driven, and adjustable gearing for connecting said shafts, comprising two nests of. ring-- gears keyedtogether on-one of the shafts, a

pinion on the other shaft, and-an intermediate gear meshing withthe pinion, and ar-. ranged to be swung in between the nests of ring-gears to desired position, andto then be eral movement carrying the ring-gears outside of the gear with which connection is de-- sired back out of theway.

-3. In achange-gearingforlathes, the combinationof a driving-shaft, 'a shaft to -bedriven, and adjustable'gearing for connecting saidshafts, comprising a nest of ring-gears keyed together on one of the shafts, a pinion I on the other shaft, an intermediate gear mesh ing withthe pinion, a handle for swinging the intermediate gear to desired p0sition'andfor,

then shifting said intermediate gearlaterally,

said lateral movement carrying the ring-gears outside of the gear with which connection-is desired back out of the way, and-a locking device for holding theintermed-iat-e gear in its adjusted position.

4. In a change-gearing for lathes, the combination of a driving-shaft, a shaft to be driven, and adjustable gearing for connecting said shafts comprising two nests 'ofring-* gears keyed together on one of the shafts, a pinion on the other shaft, a sweep pivoted on the last-named shaft,'an intermediate gear carried by the sweep and meshing with said pinion, a'handle for operating thejsweepto swing the intermediate gear in between, the; nests of ring-gears to desired position and'for moving the intermediate gear laterally, said lateral movement carryingthe ring-gears out-r side the gear with which connection is desiredback out of the-way, and means for locking the sweep in its adjusted position. m 5. In a change-gearingfor lathes, the com bination of-- a driving-shaft, a shaft, to be driven, and adjustable gearing for connecting said shafts comprising a nest of ring-gears ICO keyed together on one of=the shafts, a pinion I onthe other shaft, an intermediate gear, a

handle for swinging theintermediate gearto' desired position, and means for guiding thelateral movement of the intermediate. gear so that the full-width'of its-driving-face-will be brought into mesh when it-is moved into engagement with one of the ring-gears. r

6. In a change-gearing for lathes thecoma bination of adriving -,shaft,la shaft to be driven, and adjustable gearing for connecting V said shafts, comprising two nests of ring-gears keyed together onone-of the shafts, a pinion on the other shaft, a sweep pivoted onsaid sh'aft, an intermediate gear journaledon-the.

sweepandmeshing-withsaid-pinion,an opera, ating-handle for the sweep, .locking pinscarriedby the handle, and guide-plateshavingnotches for the locking-pins for controlling;

the movement of the sweep so that the entire -I'2o working face of the intermediate gearwill be. Y

brought into mesh when said intermediate 1 gear is moved up into engagement with the.

desired ring-gear.

7. In a change-gearing for lathes,thecoin bination of a driving -,shaft, a shaft to be r driven, and adjustable gearing for connecting:

saidishafts, .comprisinga nest ofring-gears keyed together on one of said shafts, a pinion 1 ing with the pinion-and mounted to be shifted I on the other shaft,.an intermediate, gear mesh laterallyto-carrythe ring-gears outside of the &

gear with which connection is desired back out of the way, and means for holding the gear with which connection is desired, so that the same will not be carried back by said lateral movement.

8. In a change-gearing for lathes, the combination of a driving-shaft, a shaft to be driven, and adjustable gearing for connecting said shafts, comprising a nest of ring-gears keyed together on one of said shafts, a pinion on the other of said shafts, a laterally-movable intermediate meshing with said pinion and arranged to move the ring-gears outside the gear with which connection is desired back out of the way, and a swinging stop-arm for engaging the opposite end of the gear with which connection is desired to hold the same in position to be engaged.

9. In a change-gearing for lathes, the combination of a driving shaft, a shaft to be driven, two nests of ring-gears secured on one of said shafts, a pinion on the other shaft, a transversely-movable sweep, an intermediate gear journaled on the sweep and arranged to move the ring-gears outside of the gearwith which connection is desired back out of the way, means for locking the sweep in its adjusted position, a rock-shaft geared to be oscillated by the sweep, and stop-arms extending from the rock-shaft to hold thedesired gear in position to be engaged.

10.- In a chan ge-gearin g for lathes, the combination of a drivingshaft, a shaft to be driven, a change-gearing connecting said shafts, comprising a nest of ring-gears on one of the shafts, a pinion on the other of said shafts, a laterally-movable intermediate engaging said pinion and arranged to move the ring-gears outside of the gear with which connection is desired back out of the way, and

means for restoring said outside ring-gears to normal position.

11. In a change-gearing for lathes, the combination of a driving-shaft, a shaft to be 12. In a change-gearing for lathes, the combination of a driving-shaft, a shaft to be driven, a change-gearing connecting said' shafts, comprising two nests of ring-gears secured on one of the shafts, a pinion secured on theother shaft, a laterally-movable sweep, an intermediate gear journaled on the sweep, means for guiding the sweep so that the full working face of the intermediate gear will be brought into mesh when it is moved up into engagement with the desired ring-gear, means for locking the sweep in its adjusted position, a rock-shaft connected to be oscillated by said sweep, stop-fingers extending from said shaft for holding the gear with which connection is desired in position to be engaged, and springpressed fingers carried by the sweep for restoring the ring-gears to normal position.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT E. NEWTON.

Witnesses:

PHILIP W. SOUTHGATE, LOUIS W. SOUTI-IGATE. 

